Reflection Seismology

(Geol 4068- Fall 2000)

Department of Geology and Geophysics

or

"... subsurface remote sensing "

Thu, Fri. 11.30-12.30 p.m. (~lectures) 
Room E207, Howe-Russell Complex

Labs on Mondays from 3.30 p.m. - 6.30 p.m.

(~ labs, 2 field days acquiring data) 
Room E217, Howe-Russell Complex 
 

Instructor: Juan M. Lorenzo 
Office 215, Howe-Russell Complex (Old building) 
e-mail: juan@geol.lsu.edu 
URL: http:// tellus.geol.lsu.edu

Office Hours: By appointment (8-4249)

Homework:
Interactive seismic processing of a data set  collected by students in the field and tutorial sets.  This field trip is mandatory and essential to understand the course material.  A full weekend in lat Spetmeber will be assigned for this purpose.  If any student has difficulty with the arrangement they should countact me ASAP in the semester.

Graduate students will have either separate homeworks which require critical analysis of key publications or additional problems to carry out as part of their course requirement. 

Aim: Introduction to seismic data acquisition, processing and the limitations of seismic interpretation Instructional Data Sets
 

* High-resolution seismic data acquired during the course 

* Marine seismic data from a carbonate shelf, (NW Shelf of Australia)

* Marine seismic data from a clastic, canyon-cut continental slope- (NJ Continental slope)

* Stratigraphic sections and synthetic seismogram models 

Instructional Class notes on the web 
and handouts

Software In-house programs + SUnix - seismic processing software package from the Center for Wave Phenomena, Colorado School of Mines.

2D ProMAX-interactive Landmark state-of-the-art processing package.

Web-based tutorials

MacRay 1D modeling on the Macintosh 

Tests: Final letter grades are calculated using the results of lab and homework exercises (70%) plus a final openbook exam (30%). 

On the final examyou will require a working understanding of ALL material covered during the course.

Letter grades will reflect the following scores for students.

It is understood that for graduate students enrolled in this course a C grade implies unacceptable academic performance. Except for outright F grades, for graduate students a C or D grade will be translated to a C on the final grade sheet.

A (90-100%) , B (80-89.5%), C (60-79.5%) D (50-59.5%), F (less than 49.5%) 

Note:

Please sign out key code for E217 from Joan Payne

Pre-requisites:

Proficiency in fundamental Calculus and Physics

Sweat and willingness to learn some Unix 



AUGUST
SEISMIC ACQUISITION

(Click SEISMIC ACQUISITION to get more information on tools and procedures) 


Mon. 21

Tue. 22
 

Mon. 28
 

Tue 31

Organizational Meeting

Introduction to course requirements and computer lab 
Short Video Introduction

Vertical Resolution Fresnel Zone/Horizontal Resolution 
 

Video- -QuizCMP/CDP Method-First Homework



SEPTEMBER
Mon.4 (Labor Day )

Tue 5
 

Mon. 11

Tue 12

Mon. 18
 
 

Tue 19

Field Trip 9/23

Mon. 25
 
 
 

Tue 26

no class

CMP/CDP Method continued 
Nyquist frequency, Aliasing 
Bandpass filtering, Video Quiz due

Notch filters, First homework due

Fourier Theory

Spectral Analysis and Band-Pass filtering tutorials and handouts for lab Homework on CMP, spikes and 
seismic experiments

Raypaths and waves in the subsurface 
 
 
 

no class, second homework due, Answers to 
(1) Homework on fold
(2) Seismic Experiment
(3) Spikes 0 phase and 90 deg phase homework

Critical angles, Reflection coefficients



OCTOBER
Mon. 2
 
 
 

Tue 3
 
 

5-6 Fall Holiday

Mon. 9
 

Tue 10
 
 

Mon. 16
 

Tue 17
 
 

Mon. 23
 

Tue 24

Mon 30

Tue 31

Industry Lecture
Mike Liebelt - MARATHON- Amplitude Analysis for Reserve Estimation- A Hands-on-exercise

Geometric spreading, Attenuation, Automatic Gain Control
 
 
 
 

Field Experiment- Trace Reverse & spectrum analysis
 

RMS velocity, Constant velocity stacks 
Semblance analysis plot, NMO, normal moveout stretch, Stacking
 

Field Experiment- Band Pass Filter & AGC

Multiples
 
 

Field Experiment-Stacking and
Velocity Analysis

Migration, Diffraction

Seismic Processing Project

Snell's Law 
Wave conversions and X-T plots
Body waves and Surface Waves
Snell's Law, Reflections and 



NOVEMBER
Mon. 6

Tue 7
 
 

Mon. 13

Tue 14
 

Mon. 20

23-24 Thanksgiving Holoday

Mon. 27

Tue 28

Seismic Processing Project

Refractions, A,w,r,energy of motionElastic constant 
 

Seismic Processing Project

No class- GSA meeting
 

Seismic Processing Project
 
 
 

Convolutional Model of the Earth and Synthetic Seismograms

Synthetic seismograms



DECEMBER
Mon. 4 - Sat. 9 FINAL EXAM

Bibliography

* General theory

Sheriff, R.E., and Geldart, L.P., 1995, Exploration Seismology v. New York, Cambridge University Press, 592 p.

Bullen, K.E., and Bolt, B.A., 1987, An introduction to the theory of seismology (4 edition), v. Cambridge, Great Britain, Cambridge University Press, 499 p.

* Dictionary

Sheriff, R.E., 1981, Encyclopedic dictionary of exploration geophysics Tulsa, OK, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 266 p. (WONDERFUL and REQUIRED) (On reserve at the libreary)

Telford, W.M., Geldart, L.P., Sheriff, R.E., and Keys, D.A., 1986, Applied geophysics v. New York, Cambridge University Press, 860 p.

* Seismic processing

Processing near-surface seismic reflection data: A primer by Gregory S. Baker, 1999 (REQUIRED)

Yilmaz, O., 1988, Seismic data processing Tulsa, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 526 p. 
 

General Geophysics

Stacey, F.D., 1977, Physics of the Earth v. New York, Johm Wiley and Sons, 414 p. 
 

General seismic processing

Hatton, L., Worthington, M., and Makin, J., 1988, Seismic data processing: Theory and practice Blackwell, 177 p.